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Prashna Upanishad

Chapter 3

तृतीयः प्रश्नः

Third Prashna

Verses

  1. Verse 1

    atha hainaṃ kauśalyaścāśvalāyanaḥ papraccha | bhagavan kuta eṣa prāṇo jāyate kathamāyātyasmiñśarīra ātmānaṃ vā pravibhajya kathaṃ pratiṣṭhate kenotkramate kathaṃ bāhyamabhidhatte kathamadhyātmamiti || 3.1||

    Meaning

    Then Kausalya Ashvalayana asked him: 'Lord, whence is this Prana born? How does it come into this body? How, dividing itself, does it abide? By what does it depart? How does it relate to the external (world) and how to the self?'

  2. Verse 2

    tasmai sa hovācātipraśnān pṛcchasi brahmiṣṭho'sīti tasmātte'haṃ bravīmi || 3.2||

    Meaning

    To him he said: 'You ask questions that go beyond (the ordinary); but since you are most devoted to Brahman, therefore I tell you.'

  3. Verse 3

    ātmana eṣa prāṇo jāyate | yathaiṣā puruṣe chāyaitasminnetadātataṃ manokṛtenāyātyasmiñśarīre || 3.3||

    Meaning

    'From the Self this Prana is born. As is this shadow in (cast by) a person, so is this (Prana) spread out in That (the Self); by the action of the mind it comes into this body.'

  4. Verse 4

    yathā samrādevādhikṛtān viniyuṅkte | etan grāmānotān grāmānadhitiṣṭhasvetyevamevaiṣa prāṇa itarān prāṇān pṛthak pṛthageva sannidhatte || 3.4||

    Meaning

    'As an emperor commands his officers — "govern these villages, those villages" — so this Prana engages the other pranas (vital functions) separately, each in its place.'

  5. Verse 5

    pāyūpasthe'pānaṃ cakṣuḥśrotre mukhanāsikābhyāṃ prāṇaḥ svayaṃ prātiṣṭhate madhye tu samānaḥ | eṣa hyetaddhutamannaṃ samaṃ nayati tasmādetāḥ saptārciṣo bhavanti || 3.5||

    Meaning

    'In the organs of excretion and generation is the Apana; in the eye and ear, together with the mouth and nose, the Prana itself abides; in the middle is the Samana, for it distributes evenly the food that is offered (eaten). From it arise the seven flames (of the senses).'

  6. Verse 6

    hṛdi hyeṣa ātmā | atraitadekaśataṃ nāḍīnāṃ tāsāṃ śataṃ śatamekaikasyā dvāsaptatirdvāsaptatiḥ pratiśākhānāḍīsahasrāṇi bhavantyāsu vyānaścarati || 3.6||

    Meaning

    'In the heart, verily, is this Self. Here there are a hundred and one nerves (nadis); of each of these there are a hundred; of each of those branch-nerves there are seventy-two thousand. In these moves the Vyana.'

  7. Verse 7

    athaikayordhva udānaḥ puṇyena puṇyaṃ lokaṃ nayati pāpena pāpamubhābhyāmeva manuṣyalokam || 3.7||

    Meaning

    'Now, through one (nerve) the Udana, going upward, leads (the soul) by virtue to the world of virtue, by vice to the world of vice, and by both to the world of men.'

  8. Verse 8

    ādityo ha vai bāhyaḥ prāṇa udayatyeṣa hyenaṃ cākṣuṣaṃ prāṇamanugṛhṇānaḥ | pṛthivyāṃ yā devatā saiṣā puruṣasya apānamavaṣṭabhyāntarā yadākāśaḥ sa samāno vāyurvyānaḥ || 3.8||

    Meaning

    'The sun, verily, rises as the external Prana, for it favours the Prana in the eye. The deity that is in the earth supports a person's Apana (draws it downward). The ether (akasha) in between is the Samana; the air is the Vyana.'

  9. Verse 9

    tejo ha vā udānastasmādupaśāntatejāḥ | punarbhavamindriyairmanasi sampadyamānaiḥ || 3.9||

    Meaning

    'Light (tejas), verily, is the Udana; therefore one whose light (warmth) has subsided enters again into (a new) birth, with the senses merging into the mind.'

  10. Verse 10

    yaccittastenaiṣa prāṇamāyāti | prāṇastejasā yuktaḥ sahātmanā tathāsaṅkalpitaṃ lokaṃ nayati || 3.10||

    Meaning

    'With whatever thought (one is filled at the end), with that he enters Prana; and Prana, joined with Udana (light) and with the Self, leads him to the world that he has imagined (deserved).'

  11. Verse 11

    ya evaṃ vidvān prāṇaṃ veda na hāsya prajā hīyate'mṛto bhavati tadeṣaḥ ślokaḥ || 3.11||

    Meaning

    'The wise man who thus knows Prana — his offspring (continuity) is not cut off, and he becomes immortal. On this there is a verse:'

  12. Verse 12

    utpattimāyatiṃ sthānaṃ vibhutvaṃ caiva pañcadhā | adhyātmaṃ caiva prāṇasya vijñāyāmṛtamaśnute vijñāyāmṛtamaśnuta iti || 3.12||

    Meaning

    'He who knows the origin, the coming, the abode, the fivefold lordship, and the relation to the self of Prana — attains immortality; he attains immortality.'

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