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Mundaka Upanishad

Chapter 3

द्वितीयमुण्डके प्रथमः खण्डः

Mundaka 2 · Khanda 1

Verses

  1. Verse 1

    tadetatsatyaṃ yathā sudīptātpāvakādvisphuliṅgāḥ sahasraśaḥ prabhavante sarūpāḥ | tathā'kṣarādvividhāḥ somya bhāvāḥ prajāyante tatra caivāpiyanti || 1||

    Meaning

    This is the truth: as from a blazing fire thousands of sparks of the same nature spring forth, so, O dear one, manifold beings are born from the Imperishable, and into It they return.

  2. Verse 2

    divyo hyamūrtaḥ puruṣaḥ sabāhyābhyantaro hyajaḥ | aprāṇo hyamanāḥ śubhro hyakṣarātparataḥ paraḥ || 2||

    Meaning

    Divine and formless is the Purusha; He is outside and within, unborn, without breath, without mind, pure, higher than the high Imperishable.

  3. Verse 3

    etasmājjāyate prāṇo manaḥ sarvendriyāṇi ca | khaṃ vāyurjyotirāpaḥ pṛthivī viśvasya dhāriṇī || 3||

    Meaning

    From Him are born the vital breath, the mind, all the senses, and ether, air, fire, water, and earth, the supporter of all.

  4. Verse 4

    agnirmūrdhā cakṣuṣī candrasūryau diśaḥ śrotre vāgvivṛtāśca vedāḥ | vāyuḥ prāṇo hṛdayaṃ viśvamasya padbhyāṃ pṛthivī hyeṣa sarvabhūtāntarātmā || 4||

    Meaning

    Fire is His head, the sun and moon His eyes, the quarters His ears, the revealed Vedas His speech; air is His breath, the universe His heart; from His feet (came) the earth. He is the inner Self of all beings.

  5. Verse 5

    tasmādagniḥ samidho yasya sūryaḥ somātparjanya oṣadhayaḥ pṛthivyām | pumān retaḥ siñcati yoṣitāyāṃ bahvīḥ prajāḥ puruṣātsaṃprasūtāḥ || 5||

    Meaning

    From Him (comes) fire, whose fuel is the sun; from the moon, rain; from rain, the plants on the earth; (from plants) the male sheds seed in the female. Thus many creatures are produced from the Purusha.

  6. Verse 6

    tasmādṛcaḥ sāma yajūṃṣi dīkṣā yajñāśca sarve kratavo dakṣiṇāśca | saṃvatsaraśca yajamānaśca lokāḥ somo yatra pavate yatra sūryaḥ || 6||

    Meaning

    From Him (arise) the Rik, Saman, Yajus, initiation, all the sacrifices, rites, gifts, the year, the sacrificer, and the worlds which the moon and the sun sanctify.

  7. Verse 7

    tasmācca devā bahudhā saṃprasūtāḥ sādhyā manuṣyāḥ paśavo vayāṃsi | prāṇāpānau vrīhiyavau tapaśca śraddhā satyaṃ brahmacaryaṃ vidhiśca || 7||

    Meaning

    From Him are produced manifold gods, the Sadhyas, men, beasts, birds; the in-breath and out-breath, rice and barley, tapas, faith, truth, brahmacarya, and the rule (of conduct).

  8. Verse 8

    sapta prāṇāḥ prabhavanti tasmātsaptārciṣaḥ samidhaḥ sapta homāḥ | sapta ime lokā yeṣu caranti prāṇā guhāśayā nihitāḥ sapta sapta || 8||

    Meaning

    From Him spring the seven pranas (senses), the seven flames, the seven fuels, the seven oblations, and these seven worlds in which the pranas move — set, seven and seven, in the secret cave (of each being).

  9. Verse 9

    ataḥ samudrā girayaśca sarve'smātsyandante sindhavaḥ sarvarūpāḥ | ataśca sarvā oṣadhayo rasaśca yenaiṣa bhūtaistiṣṭhate hyantarātmā || 9||

    Meaning

    From Him (come) all the seas and mountains; from Him flow rivers of every kind; from Him (come) all plants and their sap, by which the inner Self abides among the elements.

  10. Verse 10

    puruṣa evedaṃ viśvaṃ karma tapo brahma parāmṛtam | etadyo veda nihitaṃ guhāyāṃ so'vidyāgranthiṃ vikiratīha somya || 10||

    Meaning

    The Purusha alone is all this — works, tapas, and Brahman, the supreme immortal. He who knows this as set in the cave (of the heart), O dear one, cuts asunder the knot of ignorance here (in this life).

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